常见的低压配电柜、高压配电柜其实并不是单单指配电柜本身，它实际上是我们俗称的成套设备，其实这种叫法是不准确的，学名应该是“成套配电装置”。那么什么是成套配电装置，它有哪些特点呢?什么是“成套配电装置”?成套配电装置是以断路器为主的电气设备;成套配电装置是制造厂成套供应的设备，由制造厂预先按照主接线的要求，将每一回路的电气设备高低压电器(包括控制电器、保护电器、测量电器、如断路器、隔离开关、互感器等)以及母线、载流导体、绝缘子等，装配在封闭或半封闭的金属柜中，构成各单元电路分柜，此单元电路分柜成为成套配电装置。安装时，按主接线方式，将各单元分柜(又称间隔)组合起来，就构成整个配电装置。在电器成套设备中把母线、隔离开关(高压)、刀开关(低压)、断路器(空气开关)、电压互感器、电流互感器、电力变压器、交流接触器、保护继电器(热继电器)、避雷器等组成的设备叫一次设备。由它们按照原理关系所组成的回路称为一次回路或一次方案图。

　　The common low-voltage distribution cabinet and high-voltage distribution cabinet actually refer not only to the distribution cabinet itself, but also to what we commonly call a complete set of equipment. In fact, this term is inaccurate, and the scientific name should be "complete set of distribution equipment". So what is a complete set of power distribution equipment and what are its characteristics? What is a 'complete power distribution device'? A complete power distribution system is an electrical equipment mainly composed of circuit breakers; A complete set of power distribution equipment is a set of equipment supplied by a manufacturing plant. The manufacturer pre assembles the high and low voltage electrical equipment (including control appliances, protection appliances, measuring appliances, such as circuit breakers, isolating switches, transformers, etc.), busbars, current carrying conductors, insulators, etc. of each circuit in a closed or semi closed metal cabinet according to the requirements of the main wiring, forming each unit circuit cabinet. This unit circuit cabinet becomes a complete set of power distribution equipment. When installing, according to the main wiring method, the various unit cabinets (also known as intervals) are combined to form the entire power distribution device. The equipment composed of busbars, isolating switches (high voltage), knife switches (low voltage), circuit breakers (air switches), voltage transformers, current transformers, power transformers, AC contactors, protective relays (thermal relays), lightning arresters, etc. in electrical equipment sets is called primary equipment. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a primary circuit or a primary scheme diagram.

　　为了使一次系统能可靠、稳定地运行，随时监视一次系统运行状态，同时能随时控制一次系统所必须配备许多其他电器元件及设备。如：测量仪表(电流表、电压表、功率因素表、功率表、频率表等)、控制信号元件(信号灯、按钮、转换开关等)、继电保护装置等。由它们按照原理关系所组成的回路称为二次回路或二次方案图。

　　In order to ensure the safe, reliable, and stable operation of a primary system, it is necessary to monitor the system's operating status at any time and control it at any time by equipping it with many other electrical components and equipment. Such as measuring instruments (ammeter, voltmeter, power factor meter, power meter, frequency meter, etc.), control signal components (signal lights, buttons, universal transfer switches, etc.), relay protection devices, etc. The circuit composed of them according to their principle relationship is called a secondary circuit or a secondary scheme diagram.

　　成套设备主要分为：0.4kV、0.69kV、1.2kV低压开关柜;3.6kV、7.2kV、12kV、24kV中压开关柜(目前发展趋势)、40.5kV高压开关柜，动力箱(柜)、照明箱、控制箱(柜、台)、保护屏、直流屏等。

　　The complete set of equipment is mainly divided into: 0.4kV, 0.69kV, 1.2kV low-voltage switchgear; 3.6kV, 7.2kV, 12kV, 24kV medium voltage switchgear (current development trend), 40.5kV high voltage switchgear, power box (cabinet), lighting box, control box (cabinet, platform), protection screen, DC screen, etc.

　　高压开关设备：主要用于发电、输电、配电和电能转换的高压开关以及和控制、测量、保护装置、电气联结(母线)、外壳、支持件等组成的总称。

　　High voltage switchgear: a general term for high-voltage switches mainly used for power generation, transmission, distribution, and energy conversion, as well as control, measurement, protection devices, electrical connections (busbars), enclosures, supports, and other components.

　　开关柜防护要求中的“五防”：

　　The "five protections" in the protection requirements for switchgear:

　　防止误分误合断路器防止带电分合隔离开关防止带电合接地开关防止带接地分合断路器防止误入带电间隔。

　　Prevent accidental opening and closing of circuit breakers, prevent energized opening and closing of isolation switches, prevent energized closing of grounding switches, prevent grounded opening and closing of circuit breakers, and prevent accidental entry into energized compartments.

　　护等级：外壳、隔板及其他部分防止人体接近带电部分和触及运动部件以及防止外部物体侵入内部设备的保护程度。

　　Protection level: The degree of protection provided by the shell, partition, and other parts to prevent human access to live parts and moving parts, as well as to prevent external objects from entering internal equipment.

　　成套配电装置的特点1、成套设备有金属外壳(柜体)的保护，电气设备和载流导体不易积灰，便于维护，特别是对外处的污秽地区时更为突出。

　　Characteristics of complete power distribution equipment: 1. The complete equipment is protected by a metal shell (cabinet), which makes electrical equipment and current carrying conductors less prone to dust accumulation and easier to maintain, especially in areas with external pollution.

　　2、成套设备易于实现系列化、标准化、具有装配质量好、速度快、运行可靠性高的特点。由于进行定型设计和制作生产，所以其结构紧凑、布局合理、缩小了体积和占地面积，降低了造价。

　　2. The complete set of equipment is easy to achieve serialization, standardization, and has the characteristics of good assembly quality, fast speed, and high operational reliability. Due to standardized design and production, its structure is compact, layout is reasonable, volume and footprint are reduced, and cost is lowered.

　　3、成套设备的电器安装、线路敷设与变配室的施工是分开进行的，缩短了基建的时间。

　　3. The electrical installation, line laying, and construction of the transformer room for the complete set of equipment are carried out separately, which shortens the construction time.

　　产品型号主要有如下三大类：

　　There are three main types of product models:

　　1、低压类：PGL(不使用)、GGD(可靠且性价比高，所以被广泛应用)、BFC(不使用)、GCL(K)(不使用)、GBD、GCS(森源设计)、MNS(ABB技术);

　　1. Low voltage category: PGL (not recommended), GGD (safe, reliable, and cost-effective, therefore widely used), BFC (not recommended), GCL (K) (not recommended), GBD, GCS (Senyuan Design), MNS (ABB Technology);

　　护等级：外壳、隔板及其他部分防止人体接近带电部分和触及运动部件以及防止外部物体侵入内部设备的保护程度。

　　Protection level: The degree of protection provided by the shell, partition, and other parts to prevent human access to live parts and moving parts, as well as to prevent external objects from entering internal equipment.

　　成套配电装置的特点1、成套设备有金属外壳(柜体)的保护，电气设备和载流导体不易积灰，便于维护，特别是对外处的污秽地区时更为突出。

　　Characteristics of complete power distribution equipment: 1. The complete equipment is protected by a metal shell (cabinet), which makes electrical equipment and current carrying conductors less prone to dust accumulation and easier to maintain, especially in areas with external pollution.

　　2、成套设备易于实现系列化、标准化、具有装配质量好、速度快、运行可靠性高的特点。由于进行定型设计和制作生产，所以其结构紧凑、布局合理、缩小了体积和占地面积，降低了造价。

　　2. The complete set of equipment is easy to achieve serialization, standardization, and has the characteristics of good assembly quality, fast speed, and high operational reliability. Due to standardized design and production, its structure is compact, layout is reasonable, volume and footprint are reduced, and cost is lowered.

　　3、成套设备的电器安装、线路敷设与变配室的施工是分开进行的，缩短了基建的时间。

　　3. The electrical installation, line laying, and construction of the transformer room for the complete set of equipment are carried out separately, which shortens the construction time.

　　产品型号主要有如下三大类：

　　There are three main types of product models:

　　低压类：PGL(不使用)、GGD(可靠且性价比高，所以被广泛应用)、BFC(不使用)、GCL(K)(不使用)、GBD、GCS(森源设计)、MNS(ABB技术);

　　Low voltage category: PGL (not recommended), GGD (safe, reliable, and cost-effective, therefore widely used), BFC (not recommended), GCL (K) (not recommended), GBD, GCS (Senyuan Design), MNS (ABB Technology);

　　2、中高压类：GG-1A(F)(不使用)、XGN2-12(不使用)、KYN1-12(不使用)、JYN2,6-12(不使用)、HXGN-12(F)、XGN15-12(SF6)、KYN18-12、KYN28-12(目前市场上主流产品)、KYN□-24(正在成为发展趋势)、JYN1-40.5(不使用)、XGN□(JGN□)-40.5(不使用)、KYN61-40.5(目前市场上主流产品)、KYN96-40.5;

　　2. Medium and high voltage category: GG-1A (F) (not recommended), XGN2-12 (not recommended), KYN1-12 (not recommended) JYN2, 6-12 (not recommended), HXGN-12 (F), XGN15-12 (SF6), KYN18-12, KYN28-12 (currently mainstream products in the market), KYN □ -24 (becoming a development trend), JYN1-40.5 (not recommended), XGN □ (JGN □) -40.5 (not recommended), KYN61-40.5 (currently mainstream products in the market) KYN96-40.5;

　　3、箱变类：YBM□-12(24、40.5)/0.4、ZGS9(11)-12(40.5)/0.4、10KV中压开关站、35KV高压开关站。成套配电设备的组成1、一二次元器件;

　　3. Box type transformer: YBM □ -12 (24, 40.5)/0.4, ZGS9 (11) -12 (40.5)/0.4, 10KV medium voltage switchgear, 35KV high voltage switchgear. Price composition of complete power distribution equipment 1. Price of primary and secondary components;

　　2、辅材，包括：二次线、端子、线鼻、线夹、绕线管、号码管、字码、扎带、标准件等;

　　2. The prices of auxiliary materials include: secondary wires, terminals, wire noses, wire clamps, winding tubes, number tubes, character codes, zip ties, standard parts, etc;

　　3、母排，母排用量按一次方案图预算;

　　3. The price of the busbar and the amount of busbar used are budgeted based on a single plan diagram;

　　4、壳体，比如：GGD：1800.00元/台;KYN28-12：6500.00元/台;HXGN-12：2500.00元/台;KYN61-40.5：16500.00元/台;GCK、GCS、MNS需按一次方案由壳体厂家进行报价;箱式变电站、非标箱(柜)按箱体尺寸计算。

　　4. Shell price, for example: GGD: 1800.00 yuan/unit; KYN28-12:6500.00 yuan/unit; HXGN-12:2500.00 yuan/unit; KYN61-40.5: 16500.00 yuan/unit; GCK, GCS, and MNS need to be quoted by professional shell manufacturers according to a one-time plan; Box type substations and non-standard boxes (cabinets) are calculated based on the size of the box body.

　　5、包装及运输费用;

　　5. Packaging and transportation costs;

　　6、企业综合费用，包括管理费、人工工资、税金及利润等;

　　6. Enterprise comprehensive expenses, including management fees, labor wages, taxes, and profits;

　　7、其它费用，比如投标时若中标需向招标公司交纳一定的费用。报价过程及应注意事项1、对图纸进行的消化：

　　7. Other expenses, such as paying a certain fee to the bidding company if winning the bid. Quotation process and precautions: 1. Thoroughly digest the drawings:

　　根据用户提供的图纸，将图纸的目录进行

　　Based on the drawings provided by the user, first create a table of contents for the drawings

　　核对、然后分配归类。按照图纸设计说明及技术要求(对有招标文件而言，还需结合招标文件技术要求)理解本工程的设计意图，考虑核算可变方案所需的，同时应重视平面布置图(平面布置图上反映柜与柜之间有无母线桥架及母线桥架长度)。

　　Verify and then assign categories. Understand the design intention of this project according to the design specifications and technical requirements (for those with bidding documents, it is also necessary to combine the technical requirements of the bidding documents), consider calculating the price required for variable schemes, and pay attention to the floor plan (which reflects whether there is a busbar bridge between cabinets and the length of the busbar bridge).

　　2、相关注意事项：(1)就高压柜而言，为了满足五防要求，进线柜需配带电显示器(强制型：DXN-10、24/35Q)及电磁锁，出线柜需配带电显示器(提示型：DXN-10/35T)及接地开关联锁装置。

　　2. Related precautions: (1) For high-voltage cabinets, in order to meet the five prevention requirements, incoming cabinets need to be equipped with live displays (mandatory type: DXN-10, 24/35Q) and electromagnetic locks, while outgoing cabinets need to be equipped with live displays (prompt type: DXN-10/35T) and grounding switch interlocking devices.

　　(2)两路电源进线时考虑备自投装置，两路电源进线与母联之间考虑电气及机械联锁装置(三合两)。

　　(2) When two power sources are connected, a backup automatic switching device should be considered, and electrical and mechanical interlocking devices (three in two) should be considered between the two power sources and the busbar.

　　(3)六氟化硫环网柜与KYN28-12中置柜一般需配温湿度控制器及加热器。

　　(3) Sulfur hexafluoride ring main unit and KYN28-12 central cabinet generally require temperature and humidity controllers and heaters.

　　(4)对相间及相间对地距离不能满足带电要求时需采取母排硫化处理或采用异形母排或母排套热缩套管，接头也应用绝缘罩包覆。

　　(4) When the distance between phases and between phases to ground cannot meet the requirements for electrification, busbar vulcanization treatment or the use of irregular busbars or busbar sleeves with heat shrink tubing should be adopted, and the joints should also be covered with insulation covers.

　　(5)了解低压塑壳断路器附件的意义，如下表：

　　(5) Understand the significance of accessories for low-voltage molded case circuit breakers, as shown in the table below:

　　(6)了解低压抽出式开关柜结构(抽屉柜抽屉安装总有效高度≤1800.00mm)，详见下表：注：1、以常用塑壳断路器而言，63A抽屉模数为1/2或1/4，100A(125A)、160A、225A(250A)为1模数或1.5模数，400A为2模数或3模数，630A为2模数或3模数，当630A做成抽屉有困难时可改为固定插拔式安装。

　　(6) Understand the structure of low-voltage withdrawable switchgear (drawer cabinet drawer installation total effective height ≤ 1800.00mm), as shown in the table below: Note: 1. For commonly used molded case circuit breakers, the 63A drawer module is 1/2 or 1/4100A (125A), 160A, 225A (250A) are 1 module or 1.5 module, 400A is 2 module or 3 module, 630A is 2 module or 3 module. When 630A is difficult to make drawers, it can be changed to fixed plug-in installation.

　　2、GCS、MNS有经济型与标准型之分;GCK、GCS、MNS还可做成固定分隔式。

　　2. GCS and MNS are divided into economic and standard types; GCK, GCS, and MNS can also be made into fixed partitions.

　　3、抽屉柜单元抽屉有效安装尺寸：　　160mm：160.00mm-41.00mm=119.00mm;　　200mm：200.00mm-41.00mm=159.00mm;　　220mm：220.00mm-41.00mm=179.00mm;　　240mm：240.00mm-41.00mm=199.00mm　　320mm：320.00mm-41.00mm=279.00mm　　400mm：400.00mm-41.00mm=359.00mm　　600mm：600.00mm-41.00mm=559.00mm

　　3. Effective installation size of drawer cabinet unit drawers: 160mm: 160.00mm -41.00mm=119.00mm; 200mm: 20.00mm-41.00mm=159.00mm; 220mm: 220.00mm-41.00mm=179.00mm; 240 mm：240.00mm-41.00mm=199.00mm　　320mm：320.00mm-41.00mm=279.00mm　　400mm：400.00mm-41.00mm=359.00mm　　600mm：600.00mm-41.00mm=559.00mm

　　4、GGD壳体电器元件有效安装尺寸：　　600mm柜宽：600.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=480.00mm　　800mm柜宽：800.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=680.00mm　　1000mm柜宽：1000.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=880.00mm　　1200mm柜宽：1200.00mm-5×2-25×2-30×2=1080.00mm

　　4. Effective installation size of GGD shell electrical components: 600mm Cabinet width: 600.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=480.00mm Cabinet width: 800.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=680.00mm 1000mm Cabinet width: 1000.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=880.00mm 1200mm Cabinet width: 1200.00mm -5 × 2-25 × 2-30 × 2=1080.00mm

　　5、低压柜母线的计算：

　　5. Calculation of low-voltage cabinet busbar:

　　变压器上进线及联络柜三相主母排单拼大约16米(柜宽为800mm时)。当进线柜带计量时，由于计量互感器及计量表计占用一定的空间致使刀开关及空气开关安装位置都要下移，故母线长度还应加长每相约0.6m;当母线长度大于6m时，母线之间需考虑搭接头;当母线为双拼或三拼时，还需考虑垫块;当进出线电缆较多时应考虑横排出线

　　The three-phase main busbar of the transformer's incoming line and connecting cabinet is assembled in a single unit for approximately 16 meters (when the cabinet width is 800mm). When the incoming cabinet is equipped with a measuring device, the installation positions of the knife switch and air switch need to be moved down due to the space occupied by the measuring transformer and the measuring meter. Therefore, the length of the busbar should be extended by about 0.6m. When the length of the busbar is greater than 6m, lap joints should be considered between the busbars; When the busbar is double or triple spliced, cushion blocks should also be considered; When there are many incoming and outgoing cables, horizontal outgoing lines should be considered

　　熟悉并掌握常用技术数据1、母排理论重量及载流量选用表

　　Familiar with and proficient in commonly used technical data 1. Selection table for theoretical weight and current carrying capacity of busbar

　　(1)接触面搪锡或镀锡。(2)环境温度：铜母线为40℃，铝母线为35℃，工作温度为85℃。(3)周围环境温度不等于40℃的校正系数见下表

　　(1) Tin coating or tin plating on the contact surface. (2) Environmental temperature: Copper busbar is 40 ℃, aluminum busbar is 35 ℃, and the maximum working temperature is 85 ℃. (3) The correction factors for ambient temperatures not equal to 40 ℃ are shown in the table below

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