卸螺丝，确实不简单，一颗小小螺丝钉却轻松拿捏了奔、波、灞三人，本来应该从从容容、游刃有余，现在是匆匆忙忙、连滚带爬！

　　Removing screws is indeed not easy. A small screw easily handled the three people of Ben, Bo, and Ba. Originally, they should have been calm and effortless, but now they are in a hurry and crawling around!

　　那么上螺丝简单吗？生活中，如果你有拆装台式电脑机箱风扇的经验，或者你有给汽车更换备胎的经历，你就晓得上螺丝也是技术活！

　　So is it easy to screw on? In daily life, if you have experience dismantling desktop computer cases and fans, or if you have experience replacing spare tires for cars, you know that screwing in screws is also a technical job!

　　我们先听听DIYer如是说：在容易产生振动的部位，例如台式电脑机箱的风扇，其紧固螺丝从下上应该先有平垫、再有弹垫两种垫圈。平垫用于增大螺丝与机箱的接触面积，减小卸螺丝时对机箱表面的磨损；而弹垫相当于只有一圈的小弹簧，旋紧螺丝时弹垫产生的弹力可增加与螺丝间的摩擦力，防止由于振动导致螺丝松动，使用时必须一个弹垫配一个平垫，平垫挨着机箱表面，弹垫在平垫和螺丝（帽）之间。而机柜安装时使用的紧固螺丝，就必须安装弹垫，平垫与弹垫具体如图1所示。

　　Let's first listen to what DIYer said: In areas that are prone to vibration, such as the fan of a desktop computer case, the fastening screws should have two types of washers from bottom to top: flat washers and elastic washers. Flat pads are used to increase the contact area between screws and the chassis, reducing the wear on the surface of the chassis when removing screws; And the spring pad is equivalent to a small spring with only one circle. When tightening the screw, the elastic force generated by the spring pad can increase the friction between the spring pad and the screw, preventing the screw from loosening due to vibration. When using, one spring pad must be matched with a flat pad, which is adjacent to the surface of the chassis, and the spring pad is between the flat pad and the screw (cap). The fastening screws used during cabinet installation must be equipped with spring washers, as shown in Figure 1 for flat washers and spring washers.

　　我们再听听老司机怎么说：

　　Let's hear what the experienced driver has to say:

　　汽车更换备胎后，紧固轮毂螺丝时得用“分步紧（按对角线/星形顺序多次旋紧）”的手法，主要是为了避免螺丝受力不平衡以及轮毂贴合不均匀。一步到位式地直接拧紧单个螺丝会把轮毂“拉歪”，导致其他位置产生缝隙，行驶中轮毂会晃动，引发方向盘抖动、轮胎偏磨，甚螺丝松脱；先拧紧的螺丝会独自承受过大的压力，可能超过其强度极限导致滑丝；而“分步紧”能让所有螺丝均匀分担载荷，确保其固定强度，避免行驶中因受力不均出现事故。曾经摁住螺丝、挨个一拧到底的你，是否有点后背发凉？是否庆幸螺丝质量好？

　　After replacing the spare tire in the car, the wheel hub screws should be tightened using the "step-by-step tightening (multiple times in diagonal/star order)" method, mainly to avoid uneven force on the screws and uneven fit of the wheel hub. Directly tightening a single screw in one step will cause the wheel hub to "twist", resulting in gaps in other positions. During driving, the wheel hub will shake, causing steering wheel shaking, tire uneven wear, and even screw loosening; The screw that is tightened first will bear excessive pressure alone, which may exceed its strength limit and cause the thread to slip; And 'step-by-step tightening' can evenly distribute the load among all screws, ensure their fixing strength, and avoid safety accidents caused by uneven force during driving. Have you ever held down the screws and tightened them one by one, feeling a chill in your back? Are you grateful for the good quality of the screws?

　　这年头，上个螺丝都这么卷吗？的确，做事容易，但要把事情做到，必须要有的要求。刚结束不久的2025年丹麦羽毛球公开赛中有一幕：安赛龙面对石宇奇的一记精准反手回球，望球兴叹的同时，情不自禁地竖起来了大拇指！在竞技中，胜负往往取决于毫厘之间，石宇奇的反手回球之所以能让前世界NO.1无奈之余手动点赞，正是因为他对细节的把控——手腕发力像精密旋钮，差之毫厘就不是压线界内；脚步移动堪比精准导航，半步之遥可能就错失击球时机；而预判安赛龙这类高手的回球，更像是提前破译战术密码，靠的是对对手球风的了如指掌。高手过招，比拼的就是毫厘之间的功夫和做到的功课。一、设备安装条件确认，既是隐患排查，又是责任界定在设备安装前，必须先按照相关的设计规范要求，对机房设备安装条件进行一一确认，就好比我们要跑此生必驾“甘青大环线”之前，虽然车况尚好，但还是得去4S点做一次深度的检修和保养，毕竟长途跋涉不是上下班代步，容不得半点含糊。

　　Are all the screws rolled up like this these days? Indeed, doing things is easy, but to achieve the ultimate, one must have the utmost demands. In the recently concluded 2025 Danish Open Badminton Championships, there was a scene where An Sailong faced a precise backhand from Shi Yuqi. While sighing at the ball, he couldn't help but raise his thumb! In top tier competitions, victory often depends on the slightest difference. The reason why Shi Yuqi's backhand return can make the former world No.1 feel helpless and manually like it is precisely because of his extreme control over details - the wrist exerts force like a precision knob, and the difference of even a tiny difference is not within the boundary of the pressure line; The movement of footsteps is comparable to precise navigation, and half a step away may miss the best hitting opportunity; Predicting the return of a skilled player like Anseyron is more like deciphering tactical codes in advance, relying on a thorough understanding of the opponent's playing style. The competition between experts is about putting in even the slightest bit of effort and achieving the ultimate level of homework. 1、 Confirmation of equipment installation conditions is not only a hidden danger investigation, but also a responsibility definition. Before installing the equipment, it is necessary to confirm the installation conditions of the equipment in the computer room one by one according to the relevant design specifications. It is like before we have to drive the "Ganqing Ring Road" in our lifetime, although the condition of the car is still good, we still need to go to the 4S dealership for a deep inspection and maintenance. After all, long-distance travel is not commuting, and there is no room for ambiguity.

　　1.机房建筑条件检查，应按照通信机房建筑要求，对机房的面积、高度、承重、门窗、墙面和沟槽布置等有关项目进行检查。比如机房在二楼或更高楼层的，需关注重量较大的设备（如蓄电池组）的摆放方式及楼板的承重能力，确保满足《电信专用房屋设计规范》YD 5003的相关规定：有UPS开间的电力室，阀控式蓄电池组四层双列摆放的蓄电池室，其地板载荷应满足16kN/m2，也就是大约1600kg/m2；无UPS开间的电力室，阀控式蓄电池组四层单列摆放的蓄电池室或一般蓄电池单层双列摆放的蓄电池室地板载荷应满足13kN/m2，也就是大约1300kg/m2；一般的通信机房地板载荷应满足6kN/m2，也就是大约600kg/m2。

　　1. The inspection of the building conditions of the computer room should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the communication computer room building, and the relevant items such as the area, height, load-bearing capacity, doors and windows, wall and groove layout of the computer room should be inspected. For example, if the computer room is on the second floor or higher, attention should be paid to the placement of heavy equipment (such as battery packs) and the load-bearing capacity of the floor slab to ensure compliance with the relevant provisions of YD 5003 of the "Design Code for Telecommunications Special Buildings": for power rooms with UPS compartments and battery rooms with valve controlled battery packs arranged in double rows on four floors, the floor load should meet 16kN/m2, which is approximately 1600kg/m2; The floor load of a battery room without UPS bay, a battery room with four layers of single row placement of valve regulated battery packs, or a battery room with single-layer double row placement of general batteries should meet 13kN/m2, which is approximately 1300kg/m2; The floor load of a typical communication room should meet 6kN/m2, which is approximately 600kg/m2.

　　2.环境条件检查，应按照《通信机房设计规范》GB 50174的要求检查以下项目：

　　2. Environmental condition inspection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Code for Design of Communication Room" GB 50174, and the following items should be checked:

　　（1）机房的照明条件包括工作照明、应急照明，两套照明系统应可通过应急照明控制回路实现控制，应急照明满足90分钟照明需求；

　　(1) The lighting conditions in the computer room include working lighting and emergency lighting. The two lighting systems should be able to be controlled through emergency lighting control circuits, and emergency lighting should meet the lighting requirements for 90 minutes;

　　（2）消防的要求，机房应配备足够的消防设备；

　　(2) According to fire safety requirements, the computer room should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment;

　　（3）空调通风系统足以保证机房维持良好的温、湿度条件；

　　(3) The air conditioning and ventilation system is sufficient to ensure good temperature and humidity conditions in the computer room;

　　（4）有效的防静电措施、防干扰措施；

　　(4) Effective anti-static and anti-interference measures;

　　（5）机房地面应坚固，确保机柜的稳固安装。

　　(5) The ground of the computer room should be sturdy to ensure the stable installation of the cabinets.

　　3.机房供电条件检查，应按照《通信电源设备安装工程设计规范》GB 51194的要求检查以下项目：

　　3. For the inspection of power supply conditions in the computer room, the following items should be checked in accordance with the requirements of the "Code for Design of Communication Power Supply Equipment Installation Engineering" GB 51194:

　　（1）交流供电设施齐全，满足功率要求。除了市电引入之外，一般应有柴油机备用电源；

　　(1) The communication power supply facilities are complete and meet the power requirements. In addition to the introduction of mains power, there should generally be a backup power source for diesel engines;

　　（2）直流配电设备满足要求，供电电压稳定，电压输出值在规定范围之内；

　　(2) The DC distribution equipment meets the requirements, the power supply voltage is stable, and the voltage output value is within the specified range;

　　（3）有足够容量的蓄电池，保证在发生供电事故时传输设备能继续运行。

　　(3) A battery with sufficient capacity ensures that the transmission equipment can continue to operate in the event of a power supply accident.

　　（4）一般在传输设备安装前，应检查配套的其他设备（如附属的光配线架、数据通信设备、光缆及光纤、接入的设备等）是否正常连接。

　　(4) Before installing transmission equipment, it is generally necessary to check whether other supporting equipment (such as attached optical distribution frames, data communication equipment, optical cables and fibers, access equipment, etc.) are connected properly.

　　（5）地线条件检查，良好的接地是机房设备稳定工作的基础，也是防止雷击和抵抗干扰的首要保证条件，按照《通信局（站）防雷与接地工程设计规范》GB50689的要求，认真检查安装现场的接地条件，并根据实际情况做好接地工作。如果上述安装条件存在问题，必须整改到位，保证新装设备的正常运行；确因不可抗因素导致无法整改到位的，应在设备安装时做好相应补强措施，并进行详细记录。

　　(5) Ground wire condition inspection: Good grounding is the foundation for stable operation of equipment in the computer room, as well as the primary guarantee for preventing lightning strikes and resisting interference. According to the requirements of the "Code for Design of Lightning Protection and Grounding Engineering of Communication Bureaus (Stations)" GB50689, carefully inspect the grounding conditions at the installation site and carry out grounding work according to the actual situation. If there are any issues with the installation conditions mentioned above, they must be rectified to ensure the normal operation of the newly installed equipment; If it is impossible to rectify due to uncontrollable factors, corresponding reinforcement measures should be taken during equipment installation and detailed records should be kept.

　　二、设备安装作业要求，既要稳当牢靠，又要严丝合缝

　　2、 The requirements for equipment installation operations are to be both stable and secure, as well as tightly sealed

　　设备安装是机房搬迁流程的第8个步骤，具体如图2所示。

　　Equipment installation is the eighth step of the data center relocation process, as shown in Figure 2.

　　安装设备前，设备搬迁组得先按照新机房的设备平面布置图将设备一一搬运到指定安装位置。而具体设备安装，大致分为三种情况：种是单设备安装，由于前期准备阶段已在安装梁上根据设备耳板距离安装了相应设备的固定锁扣，只需将设备安放于新机架内并通过螺丝固定即可；第二种是多个单设备安装，在同一机柜安装多个设备时，应根据设备的尺寸规划预留好散热空间；第三种是整机柜搬迁安装，应根据现场安装条件，做好利旧机柜与底座的固定，利用水平尺调整机架的水平方向和垂直方向，通过底部及架顶并柜连接条的固定完成并柜安装，确保所有机柜安装稳当牢靠。

　　Before installing the equipment, the equipment relocation team must first move the equipment one by one to the designated installation location according to the equipment layout plan of the new computer room. The specific equipment installation can be roughly divided into three situations: the first is single device installation, as the corresponding equipment's fixed locking buckle has been installed on the installation beam according to the distance between the equipment ear plate in the early preparation stage, simply place the equipment in the new rack and fix it with screws; The second method is to install multiple single devices. When installing multiple devices in the same cabinet, the heat dissipation space should be reserved according to the size of the devices; The third method is to relocate and install the entire cabinet. Based on the on-site installation conditions, the old cabinet and base should be fixed properly. The horizontal and vertical directions of the rack should be adjusted using a level ruler. The cabinet installation should be completed by fixing the bottom and top cabinet connection bars to ensure that all cabinets are installed stably and securely.

　　某新机房建成后，需从旧机房整机搬迁安装电源、传输、程控交换机、路由器、交换机等10余套设备，另外再新安装4套新机柜。由于设备安装精度直接影响设备运行稳定性，所以搬迁实施组提前2个月就开始了筹划准备工作：根据新机房承重分布、散热规划、业务类型及其关联性等，绘制了详尽的“XX机房设备平面布置图”，明确了每台设备的机架编号、安装高度及相邻设备间距，配备水平尺、扭矩扳手等工具（如图2所示），确保所有设备安装严丝合缝。

　　After the completion of a new computer room, more than 10 sets of equipment such as power supply, transmission, program-controlled switches, routers, and switches need to be relocated and installed from the old computer room, and an additional 4 sets of new cabinets need to be installed. Due to the direct impact of equipment installation accuracy on the stability of equipment operation, the relocation implementation team began planning and preparation work two months in advance: based on the load-bearing distribution, heat dissipation planning, business types, and their correlations of the new equipment room, a detailed "XX equipment room equipment layout plan" was drawn, clarifying the rack number, installation height, and adjacent equipment spacing of each equipment, equipped with professional tools such as level rulers and torque wrenches (as shown in Figure 2), to ensure that all equipment is installed seamlessly.

　　1.机柜安装正式安装前，设备搬迁组已提前完成4个新机柜的预处理：在每台机柜里边的设备安装位置，预先安好固定锁扣；并用记号笔标注清楚设备底部基准线（确保相邻设备间距不小于15cm，避免因散热不良导致设备宕机）。

　　Before the formal installation of the cabinet, the equipment relocation team has completed the pre-processing of four new cabinets in advance: fixed locks are pre installed at the installation positions of the equipment inside each cabinet; Mark the bottom reference line of the equipment clearly with a marker pen (ensuring that the distance between adjacent devices is not less than 15cm to avoid equipment downtime due to poor heat dissipation).

　　此次搬迁时间窗口为0点到6点，涉及搬迁设备多，业务调试压力大。为进一步压缩设备搬运耗时，23点开始，在不影响设备运行的前提下，设备搬迁组就开始小心翼翼地拧松设备的固定螺丝。

　　The relocation time window is from 0:00 to 6:00, involving multiple relocation equipment and high pressure for business debugging. To further reduce the time required for equipment transportation, starting from 23:00, the equipment relocation team began carefully loosening the fixing screws of the equipment without affecting its operation.

　　10个旧机柜需整体固定在新机房预制底座上，安装人员先用水平尺紧贴机柜侧面，反复调整底座垫片，确保机柜垂直偏差不超过2mm；水平方向则通过机柜底部的调节螺栓，使多台并柜的顶面高度差控制在1mm内。固定时，先将机柜底部与底座用螺栓固定，再用架顶并柜连接条将相邻机柜横向锁死，形成稳固的“联排机柜”。，通过水平尺检测时，发现俩机柜存在3mm的垂直偏差，安装人员立即旋松底部螺栓，垫入厚度适中的金属垫片重新校准，直完全符合标准。

　　Ten old cabinets need to be fixed as a whole on the prefabricated base of the new computer room. The installation personnel first use a level ruler to tightly adhere to the side of the cabinets, repeatedly adjust the base gasket, and ensure that the vertical deviation of the cabinets does not exceed 2mm. In the horizontal direction, the height difference between the top surfaces of multiple parallel cabinets is controlled within 1mm by adjusting the bolts at the bottom of the cabinets. When fixing, first fix the bottom and base of the cabinet with bolts, and then use the rack top and cabinet connection strip to lock the adjacent cabinets horizontally, forming a stable "row cabinet". Finally, when using a level ruler for inspection, it was found that there was a vertical deviation of 3mm between the two cabinets. The installation personnel immediately loosened the bottom bolts and inserted metal washers of moderate thickness to recalibrate until they fully met the standards.

　　2.设备安装

　　2. Equipment installation

　　在新机柜中安装搬迁设备时，还是出现了小状况。新采购的机柜安装梁是按照OSN 1800V的尺寸222mm(高)×224mm(深)×442mm(宽)设计的，但此次安装的OSN 3500设备的子架尺寸为722mm(高)×295mm(深)×497mm(宽)，好不容易搬过来的设备却塞不进去，固定就更别提了。与其对着设备尴尬，不如立即改造，小王通过改造安装梁的位置，终满足了OSN 3500的安装空间要求。

　　There were still minor issues when installing relocation equipment in the new cabinet. The newly purchased cabinet installation beam is designed according to the dimensions of OSN 1800V, which are 222mm (height) × 224mm (depth) × 442mm (width). However, the sub rack size of the OSN 3500 equipment installed this time is 722mm (height) × 295mm (depth) × 497mm (width). The equipment that was difficult to move over cannot fit in, let alone be fixed. Instead of being embarrassed by the equipment, it's better to immediately renovate it. Xiao Wang finally met the installation space requirements of OSN 3500 by modifying the position of the installation beam.

　　所有设备安装完成后，安装人员统一用激光测距仪抽检设备间距、用水平仪复核机柜垂直度，检查是否安装弹簧垫圈，甚模拟设备运行时的震动，确认螺丝是否会受振松动。终，14个整机柜及设备全部精准安装到位，机架稳固、间距合理，这活干得不但赏心悦目，而且标准规范。

　　After the installation of all equipment is completed, the installation personnel will use a laser rangefinder to randomly check the spacing between the equipment, use a level to verify the verticality of the cabinet, check whether spring washers are installed, and even simulate the vibration of the equipment during operation to confirm whether the screws will loosen due to vibration. In the end, all 14 complete cabinets and equipment were accurately installed in place, with stable racks and reasonable spacing. This job was not only pleasing to the eye, but also standardized.

　　所以说，机房设备安装不是“随意安放”，而是基于图纸规划的“精准作业”，每一处的尺寸校准、细节把控，都是新机房设备长期稳定运行的基础。

　　So, the installation of equipment in the computer room is not a "random placement", but a "precise operation" based on blueprint planning. The size calibration and detail control of each part are the foundation for the long-term stable operation of new computer room equipment.

　　设备这一拆一装啊，我担心的一幕——

　　The dismantling and reassembly of the equipment is what worries me the most——

　　多出一堆螺丝或者剩余几块零部件，终究没有发生！还是我们的通信“汪”、工程“狮”们靠谱！此情此景，我忍不住想吟诗一首：螺丝虽小乾坤大，道法术器有讲究；欲善其事利其器，手动电动需配合；关键环节看技术，选对垫圈对角紧；事半功倍有方法,标准规范作依据；一丝不苟是王道，能钻善攻像螺丝。

　　An extra pile of screws or a few remaining components never happened! Our communication "kings" and engineering "lions" are still reliable! In this situation and scene, I can't help but want to recite a poem: Although the screw is small, the universe is vast, but there are rules and regulations for Taoist magic tools; To do a good job and make good use of tools, manual and electric power need to be coordinated; The key link is to look at the technology and choose the right gasket to tighten diagonally; There are methods to achieve twice the result with half the effort, based on standard specifications; Being meticulous is the king's way, being able to drill and attack like a screw.

　　本文由   山东机箱机柜 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.tongyuhengcheng.com/   真诚的态度.为您提供为的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

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