随着科技水平的不断发展，社会工业化产业也得到不断发展，工业设备的维修与养护也随之受到了更多的关注。对于我国发展度高的工业化，必须积极引进新式的工业设备，同时对工业设备进行合理的电气维护与保养，从而保障工业化进程的不断发展。另外，提高工业设备的使用率以及工业设备的生产率都可以有效地对工业化的发展添砖加瓦。本文就工业化建设中对于工业设备的电气维护及保养方法展开了研究，并提出一些可以改善目前工业设备现状的有效措施，从而保障工业设备的正常运行，提高设备的使用效率，为企业的经济发展增添动力。

　　With the continuous development of technology, the social industrialization industry has also been constantly developing, and the maintenance and upkeep of industrial equipment have also received more attention. For the highly developed industrialization in our country, it is necessary to actively introduce new industrial equipment and carry out reasonable electrical maintenance and upkeep of industrial equipment to ensure the continuous development of the industrialization process. In addition, increasing the utilization rate and productivity of industrial equipment can effectively contribute to the development of industrialization. This article conducts research on the electrical maintenance and upkeep methods of industrial equipment in industrial construction, and proposes effective measures to improve the current situation of industrial equipment, thereby ensuring the normal operation of industrial equipment, improving equipment efficiency, and adding impetus to the economic development of enterprises.

　　一、电气维护及保养的重要性在正常的生产与运作中，对于电气设备的使用是必不可少的，同时电气设备的使用率在整个施工中也占据着很大的比例。作为维护和支撑工程项目正常运作的重要环节，电气设备是否可以正常运转具有很大的现实性意义，并且直接对项目工程的发展与生产有着重要的影响。更深层次讲，电气设备的正常运转会直接为企业的经济利益带来巨大的积极作用。一旦电气设备出现故障，则会导致停电的现象，甚导致企业工程无法继续进行。生产活动由于电气设备的故障而无法进行就会使得生产环节中断，从而无法正常对订单进行生产，为企业带来巨大的经济损失，甚为企业的信誉度带来危机。一旦事故发生规模过大还会影响整个企业的正常运营，甚威胁到企业的，导致企业倒闭或破产。因此，电器设备的维护与保养具有很重要的现实性意义，直接关乎着企业的生产与运作，甚对企业的长久发展产生影响。只有高度重视工业设备的维护与保养才能保证企业正常进行生产运作，对企业的发展带来长久性的意义。

　　1、 The importance of electrical maintenance and upkeep is essential for the normal production and operation of electrical equipment, and the utilization rate of electrical equipment also accounts for a large proportion in the entire construction process. As an important link in maintaining and supporting the normal operation of engineering projects, whether electrical equipment can operate normally has great practical significance and directly affects the development and production of project engineering. At a deeper level, the normal operation of electrical equipment will directly bring huge positive effects to the economic interests of enterprises. Once electrical equipment malfunctions, it can lead to power outages and even prevent the continuation of enterprise projects. Production activities that cannot be carried out due to electrical equipment failures can interrupt the production process, making it impossible to produce orders normally, causing huge economic losses to the enterprise, and even posing a crisis to the enterprise's reputation. Once an accident occurs on a large scale, it can still affect the normal operation of the entire enterprise, and even threaten the safety of the enterprise, leading to bankruptcy or closure. Therefore, the maintenance and upkeep of electrical equipment have significant practical significance, directly affecting the production and operation of enterprises, and even having an impact on their long-term development. Only by attaching great importance to the maintenance and upkeep of industrial equipment can enterprises ensure normal production operations and bring long-term significance to their development.

　　二、电气维护与保养原则（一）性对于电气设备的保养原则一定要保证性，确保从整体的方面出发对设备进行整修。一旦发现设备出现问题，需要立即停止进行整修，并且观察设备当前的情况，分析出现异常的原因，并根据分析的原因对电气设备进行维修和保养。对于的设备一定要了解电气设备的电路情况，并对电气设备的内部结构进行分析，严格按照设备的使用说明对设备进行维护。只有经过精密的检查，确保了电气设备维修与保养程序的完整性才能更好地对电气设备进行维护，从而保障整个工程实施的流畅性。并且坚持性还可以保证维修人员可以充分认识到机器设备的使用状况，从而保证工业电气设备的运行，推进整个工程的进度。

　　2、 Electrical maintenance and upkeep principles (1) comprehensiveness. Firstly, the maintenance principles for electrical equipment must ensure comprehensiveness, ensuring that the equipment is repaired from a holistic perspective. Once a problem is found with the equipment, it is necessary to immediately stop repairing it, observe the current condition of the equipment, analyze the reasons for the abnormality, and repair and maintain the electrical equipment based on the analyzed reasons. For advanced equipment, it is necessary to first understand the circuit situation of the electrical equipment, analyze the internal structure of the electrical equipment, and strictly maintain the equipment according to the instructions for use. Only through precise inspection can the integrity of electrical equipment maintenance and upkeep procedures be ensured in order to better maintain electrical equipment and ensure the smooth implementation of the entire project. And adhering to comprehensiveness can also ensure that maintenance personnel can fully understand the usage status of machinery and equipment, thereby ensuring the operation of industrial electrical equipment and promoting the progress of the entire project.

　　(二）彻底性 其次，对于电气设备的维护与保养必须贯彻彻底性的原则。当电气设备出现故障时要对电气设备出现故障的原因进行彻底的勘察，并仔细检查机器设备是否存在损伤以及不当的地方。对于细节问题也是要进行深入的检查，从而明确设备出现故障的内外部原因，防止由于检查不彻底导致不必要的浪费。另外，一旦电气设备的检查不到位还会导致另外的损失，使得机器设备遭受第二次的伤害，并且对维修人员来说也是二次伤害。检测不到位会将检修的工作过程变得复杂，并且对设备产生损失，为检修工作带来更多的伤害。因此，企业必须在检修之前贯彻彻底性的原则，使得设备在出现问题时可以得到及时的修改，并且使得机器设备可以尽早地投入使用，进而推进工程进度

　　（2） Thoroughly, the maintenance and upkeep of electrical equipment must adhere to the principle of thoroughness. When electrical equipment malfunctions, the first step is to thoroughly investigate the cause of the malfunction and carefully inspect the machinery and equipment for any damage or improper areas. For detailed issues, it is also necessary to conduct in-depth inspections in order to clarify the internal and external reasons for equipment failures and prevent unnecessary waste caused by incomplete inspections. In addition, inadequate inspection of electrical equipment can lead to additional losses, causing the machinery and equipment to suffer a second injury, which is also a second injury for maintenance personnel. Inadequate detection can complicate the maintenance process and cause damage to the equipment, resulting in more harm to the maintenance work. Therefore, enterprises must implement the principle of thoroughness before maintenance, so that equipment can be modified in a timely manner when problems arise, and machinery and equipment can be put into use as early as possible, thereby promoting the progress of the project

　　（三）排除法另外，对于电气设备的完善有时还需要采取排除法，对不可能产生的问题进行排除，进而缩小可能出现的问题范围。并且对于设备的检修之前必须确定极其设备是否存在问题，避免在不必要的情况下对电气设备造成损害。电气设备还可能存在接触不良的问题，因此一定要尽的可能性对设备的线路问题进行排查，避免由于设备线路的问题产生对设备的误解。通过对设备的排查，才能更好地对设备所出现的问题进行排查，从而防止故障的再次出现，影响工程的进度。

　　（3） In addition, for the improvement of electrical equipment, it is sometimes necessary to adopt the exclusion method to eliminate impossible problems and narrow down the scope of possible problems. And before the maintenance of the equipment, it is necessary to first determine whether there are any problems with the equipment, in order to avoid unnecessary damage to the electrical equipment. Electrical equipment may also have poor contact issues, so it is necessary to investigate the wiring problems of the equipment as much as possible to avoid misunderstandings caused by equipment wiring problems. By inspecting the equipment, we can better identify any issues that may arise and prevent the recurrence of faults that may affect the progress of the project.

　　（四）细节性，需要对电气設备的细节进行检查，才能保证对整个电气设备进行完整的排查与检修，防止再次出现问题，造成人力与物力的浪费。对于设备的电路、按键接触性、保险丝以及电源等问题也要进行细致的检修，防止由于小部件的受损而错误地对电气设备进行错误的维护。除了上述的问题，设备的运作声音也可以暗示着电气设备的运行状况，因此一定要注意观察细节问题，从而对设备进行细致的检修。只有注重检修的细节性，才能更好地对设备出现的问题进行处理，从而进行检修与更新。

　　（4） Finally, it is necessary to inspect the details of the electrical equipment in order to ensure a complete investigation and maintenance of the entire electrical equipment, prevent the recurrence of problems, and avoid wasting manpower and material resources. Detailed maintenance should also be carried out on the circuit, button contact, fuses, and power supply of the equipment to prevent incorrect maintenance of electrical equipment due to damage to small components. In addition to the above issues, the sound of equipment operation can also indicate the operating status of electrical equipment, so it is important to pay attention to details and conduct detailed maintenance on the equipment. Only by paying attention to the details of maintenance can we better handle equipment problems and carry out maintenance and updates.

　　电气成套设备的三级保养

　　Third level maintenance of electrical complete equipment

　　一级日常维护保养：①班前、班后由操作工认真检查设备擦拭各个部位和加注润滑油，使设备经常保持整齐、清洁、润滑、、并认真做好点检记录及交接班记录:②班中设备发生故障，及时汇报故障参与故障排除、记录故障时间及原因，确认维修效果。

　　Level 1 daily maintenance: ① Before and after work, operators carefully inspect the equipment, wipe all parts, and add lubricating oil to keep the equipment neat, clean, lubricated, and safe. They also keep meticulous inspection and handover records. ② In case of equipment failure during work, report the fault in a timely manner, participate in troubleshooting, record the time and cause of the fault, and confirm the repair effect.

　　二级操作工为主维修工为辅：①按计划对设备进行局部拆卸和检查、清洗规定的部位。②疏通油路、管道，更换或清洗油线、油毡、滤油器等。③调整设备各部位间隙，配合紧固设备各个部位。

　　Secondary operators are the main maintenance workers, with auxiliary maintenance workers: ① Carry out partial disassembly, inspection, and cleaning of designated parts of the equipment according to the plan. ② Clear oil circuits and pipelines, replace or clean oil lines, oil felt, oil filters, etc. ③ Adjust the gaps between various parts of the equipment and coordinate the fastening of each part of the equipment.

　　三级维修为主列入设备检修计划：①对设备进行部分解体“检查和修理②更换或修复磨损件，清洗、换油。③检查修理电气部分;④局部恢复精度，满足加工零件的要求。

　　Third level maintenance is mainly included in the equipment maintenance plan: ① Partial disassembly, inspection, and repair of equipment; ② Replacement or repair of worn parts, cleaning, and oil change; ③ Inspection and repair of electrical parts; ④ Partial restoration of accuracy to meet the minimum requirements for machining parts.

　　三、电气设备检修的方式方法

　　3、 Methods and approaches for electrical equipment maintenance

　　（一）变压器的检修变压器是整个电气设备的中心环节，因此保障变压器的正常运转是设备正常运作的重要手段。一旦变压器出现问题就会使得电气设备无法正常的投入使用，因此对于电气设备的维护与保养是十分重要的。对于变压器的维护与保养必须定时对变压器的油位以及油温进行监控，并且详细将结果记录下来。变压器还有可能出现漏油的问题，因此一旦变压器出现问题，一定要进行及时的处理，并对于变压器的周围小部件也要进行检修，从而保障整个变压器可以正常地为工程进行工作。

　　（1） The maintenance of transformers is the central link of the entire electrical equipment, so ensuring the normal operation of transformers is an important means of ensuring the normal operation of equipment. Once there is a problem with the transformer, it will prevent the electrical equipment from being put into normal use, so maintenance and upkeep of the electrical equipment are very important. For the maintenance and upkeep of transformers, it is necessary to regularly monitor the oil level and temperature of the transformer, and record the results in detail. Transformers may also have oil leakage issues, so once a problem occurs with the transformer, it must be dealt with in a timely manner, and the surrounding small components of the transformer must also be inspected to ensure that the entire transformer can work normally for the project.

　　（二）电动机 电动机也是电气设备工作中不可或缺的部分，如何更好地对电动机进行保养也是十分关键的。工业电气设备的主要工作动力都来自于电动机，但是由于电动机的易损伤程度较高，所以一定要注意对电动机的保养方式。需要进行日常的维护，并每天对电动机的运行情况进行检查与记录，其次一旦发现问题要及时处理，防止由于电动机出现问题从而导致更大的问题出现。

　　（2） Electric motors are also an indispensable part of electrical equipment work, and how to better maintain them is also crucial. The main working power of industrial electrical equipment comes from electric motors, but due to the high degree of damage to electric motors, it is necessary to pay attention to the maintenance methods of electric motors. Firstly, daily maintenance is required, and the operation of the motor should be checked and recorded every day. Secondly, once problems are found, they should be dealt with in a timely manner to prevent larger problems from occurring due to motor problems.

　　四、小结 随着社会的发展，机器设备的发展程度也不断地提升，而新技术的应用也是对电气设备的又一种提升。而电气设备作为一种容易受到损伤的机器设备，必须对其进行及时的检修与维护，并定期对电气设备进行维护与信息记录。只有保障电气设备良好地运行，才能推动企业工程的发展，保障实施的进度，从而促进企业的经济发展。

　　4、 Summary: With the development of society, the level of development of machinery and equipment is constantly improving, and the application of new technologies is also another way to enhance electrical equipment. As a machine equipment that is easily damaged, electrical equipment must be promptly inspected and maintained, and regular maintenance and information recording of electrical equipment must be carried out. Only by ensuring the good operation of electrical equipment can we promote the development of enterprise engineering, guarantee the progress of implementation, and thus promote the economic development of enterprises.

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