山东MNS低压抽屉柜关联的高压开关柜，远方分合闸怎么实现？

　　How to remotely open and close the high-voltage switchgear associated with the Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinet?

　　在山东电气成套设备的配置中，变压器作为电力转换的核心部件，其配套的高压进线开关选型直接关系到设备和运行稳定性。不少企业采购或运维山东电气成套设备时，都会困惑：多大容量的变压器该用负荷开关，多大的该用断路器？负荷开关与熔断器又适配哪些情况？其实答案很明确，核心就是看变压器的容量大小。今天就专门围绕这个问题科普，帮大家理清不同容量变压器对应的开关选型逻辑。

　　In the configuration of Shandong Electric's complete set of equipment, transformers are the core components of power conversion, and the selection of their matching high-voltage incoming line switches directly affects the safety and operational stability of the equipment. Many companies are confused when purchasing or operating complete sets of equipment from Shandong Electric: what capacity transformer should use a load switch, and what size should use a circuit breaker? What are the suitable situations for load switches and fuses? The answer is actually very clear, the core is to look at the capacity of the transformer. Today, we will focus on this topic to popularize science and help everyone clarify the switch selection logic corresponding to transformers of different capacities.

　　先给大家梳理一下核心部件，看懂这些部件的作用，原理就好理解了。在高压开关柜的远方分合闸控制回路中，有一个核心“大脑”——微机保护装置（原理图中标注为1n），里面集成了两个关键继电器：YTJ是遥控跳闸继电器，YHJ是遥控合闸继电器，这两个继电器是接收远程指令的核心部件。除此之外，还有合闸保持继电器（HBJ）和跳闸保持继电器（TBJ），它们负责确保合闸或跳闸动作能稳定完成。另外，还有转换开关、压板等辅助部件，共同构成完整的控制回路。

　　Let me first outline the core components and understand their functions, so that we can better understand their principles. In the remote opening and closing control circuit of the high-voltage switchgear, there is a core "brain" - the microcomputer protection device (marked as 1n in the schematic diagram), which integrates two key relays: YTJ is the remote tripping relay, YHJ is the remote closing relay, and these two relays are the core components for receiving remote commands. In addition, there are closing holding relays (HBJ) and tripping holding relays (TBJ), which are responsible for ensuring that the closing or tripping action can be completed stably. In addition, there are auxiliary components such as conversion switches and pressure plates, which together form a complete control circuit.

　　咱们先讲远方合闸的实现过程，这是高压开关柜投入运行的关键一步。，正电源会接入控制回路，工作人员需要把转换开关打到“远方”模式，这时回路中的19-20触点会接通，相当于给远方控制“解锁”。之后，电流会通过压板传输到微机保护装置一侧，当后台发出远方合闸指令时，微机保护装置里的YHJ（遥控合闸继电器）就会瞬时动作闭合——这里要注意，YHJ是瞬动型继电器，收到指令后会立刻响应。

　　Let's first talk about the implementation process of remote closing, which is a crucial step in the operation of high-voltage switchgear. Firstly, the positive power supply will be connected to the control circuit, and the staff needs to turn the conversion switch to the "remote" mode. At this time, the 19-20 contacts in the circuit will be connected, which is equivalent to unlocking the remote control. Afterwards, the current will be transmitted to one side of the microcomputer protection device through the pressure plate. When a remote closing command is issued from the background, the YHJ (remote closing relay) in the microcomputer protection device will instantly close - it should be noted that YHJ is an instantaneous relay that will respond immediately upon receiving the command.

　　YHJ闭合后，电流会进入微机保护装置内部，接着传输到HBJ（合闸保持继电器），HBJ会随之动作。一旦HBJ动作，它对应的触点就会闭合，形成稳定的电流通路，这个电流会直接驱动高压开关柜内的断路器，完成合闸动作。可能有朋友会问，为啥需要HBJ这个合闸保持继电器？因为YHJ是瞬动型的，只能短暂闭合，而合闸动作需要稳定的电流驱动，HBJ的作用就是在YHJ断开后，继续保持电流通路，确保合闸动作完整、可靠，避免出现“合闸中途失败”的情况。

　　After YHJ is closed, the current will enter the microcomputer protection device and then be transmitted to HBJ (closing and holding relay), and HBJ will act accordingly. Once the HBJ is activated, its corresponding contact will close, forming a stable current path. This current will directly drive the circuit breaker inside the high-voltage switchgear to complete the closing action. Some friends may ask, why do we need the HBJ closing and holding relay? Because YHJ is a momentary action type, it can only be closed briefly, and the closing action requires stable current drive. The function of HBJ is to continue to maintain the current path after YHJ is disconnected, ensuring the integrity and reliability of the closing action and avoiding the situation of "failure during closing".

　　再来说远方跳闸的原理，和合闸过程类似，只是核心继电器和控制逻辑不同。当需要远程切断电路时，工作人员在后台发出远方跳闸指令，这时控制回路中对应跳闸的触点会闭合，电流会沿着预设的通路传输过来，直接触发TBJ（跳闸保持继电器）动作。TBJ动作后，它前面的触点会随之闭合，形成稳定的跳闸电流回路，这个电流会驱动断路器的跳闸机构，让断路器快速断开，完成远方跳闸。同样，TBJ的作用是保持跳闸电流的稳定，确保跳闸动作彻底完成，避免出现“跳闸不彻底”导致的电路故障。

　　Speaking of the principle of remote tripping, it is similar to the closing process, except that the core relay and control logic are different. When it is necessary to remotely cut off the circuit, the staff will issue a remote tripping command in the background. At this time, the corresponding tripping contacts in the control circuit will close, and the current will be transmitted along the preset path, directly triggering the TBJ (trip holding relay) action. After the action of TBJ, its front contacts will close, forming a stable tripping current circuit. This current will drive the tripping mechanism of the circuit breaker, allowing it to quickly disconnect and complete remote tripping. Similarly, the function of TBJ is to maintain the stability of the tripping current, ensure that the tripping action is completely completed, and avoid circuit faults caused by "incomplete tripping".

　　这里要给大家补充两个关键注意点，这也是保障远方分合闸可靠运行的核心。个是转换开关的模式切换，必须确认打到“远方”模式，19-20触点接通后，远方指令才能生效；如果在“就地”模式，远方指令是无法触发继电器动作的，这是为了避免就地操作和远方操作冲突。第二个是压板的作用，压板相当于控制回路的“开关”，投入压板后回路才接通，退出压板则远方控制失效，日常运维中可以通过压板快速隔离控制回路，方便检修。

　　Here are two key points to note, which are also the core of ensuring reliable operation of remote switching. The first one is the mode switching of the transfer switch, which must be confirmed to be in the "remote" mode. The remote command can only take effect after the 19-20 contacts are connected; If in "local" mode, remote commands cannot trigger relay actions, in order to avoid conflicts between local and remote operations. The second function is the pressure plate, which acts as a "safety switch" for the control circuit. The circuit is only connected when the pressure plate is activated, and remote control fails when the pressure plate is deactivated. In daily operation and maintenance, the pressure plate can be used to quickly isolate the control circuit for easy maintenance.

　　对山东本地企业的运维人员来说，了解这个原理有啥实际意义呢？一方面，能快速排查远方分合闸故障，比如遇到远方无法合闸时，可先检查转换开关是否在远方模式、合闸压板是否投入，再排查YHJ和HBJ继电器是否正常动作；另一方面，能更规范地操作设备，避免误操作导致的事故。另外，山东MNS低压抽屉柜与高压开关柜联动运行时，远方分合闸功能能让整个配电系统的控制更，尤其适合大型工厂、车间等大面积配电场景，减少运维人员的现场奔波。

　　What is the practical significance for the operation and maintenance personnel of local enterprises in Shandong to understand this principle? On the one hand, it can quickly troubleshoot remote opening and closing faults. For example, when encountering remote failure to close, it can first check whether the transfer switch is in remote mode, whether the closing pressure plate is engaged, and then check whether the YHJ and HBJ relays are working properly; On the other hand, it can operate the equipment more standardized and avoid safety accidents caused by misoperation. In addition, when the Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinet is linked with the high-voltage switchgear, the remote opening and closing function can make the control of the entire power distribution system more efficient, especially suitable for large-scale power distribution scenarios such as large factories and workshops, reducing the on-site travel of operation and maintenance personnel.

　　总结下来，高压开关柜的远方分合闸，核心是靠“微机保护装置+专用继电器+控制回路”的协同工作：合闸靠YHJ触发、HBJ保持，跳闸靠TBJ触发保持，再通过转换开关和压板保障操作。这种设计不仅提升了运维效率，还降低了现场操作的风险，与山东MNS低压抽屉柜配合使用时，能让整个配电系统更智能、更可靠。如果大家在实际运维中遇到远方分合闸相关问题，不妨先对照原理图检查核心部件和回路，也可以咨询的山东电气成套厂家获取技术支持。

　　In summary, the remote opening and closing of high-voltage switchgear relies on the collaborative work of "microcomputer protection device+dedicated relay+control circuit": closing is triggered by YHJ and maintained by HBJ, tripping is triggered and maintained by TBJ, and operation safety is guaranteed through transfer switches and pressure plates. This design not only improves operation and maintenance efficiency, but also reduces safety risks during on-site operations. When used in conjunction with Shandong MNS low-voltage drawer cabinets, it can make the entire distribution system more intelligent and reliable. If you encounter problems related to remote switching in actual operation and maintenance, you may first check the core components and circuits by referring to the schematic diagram, or consult a professional Shandong Electric complete set manufacturer for technical support.

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